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Maraging steel

Osprey® MAR-50-Co free

Osprey® MAR-50 Co-free* is a maraging steel free of cobalt, with reduced amount of nickel and an addition of chromium. This alloy also comes in titanium-free variants for improved polishability.

Powder designed for

  • Additive Manufacturing (AM)

This metal powder is manufactured by either induction melting under Vacuum Inert Gas Atomization (VIGA) or melting under argon prior to Inert Gas Atomization (IGA).

Technical data

Page updated Sep 14, 2023 12:40 PM CET (supersedes all previous editions)

Download datasheet PDF

  • Chemical composition (nominal), %
    Fe
    Bal.
    C
    ≤0.06
    Cr
    4.0
    Ni
    9.5
    Mo
    4.5
    Co
    ≤0.1
    Ti
    ≤1.0
    Al
    ≤0.3
    Mn
    ≤0.5
    Si
    ≤0.5
    P
    ≤0.03
    S
    ≤0.03
    O
    N

  • Powder characteristics and morphology

    Powder for Additive Manufacturing

    Osprey® metal powder for Additive Manufacturing is characterized by a spherical morphology and high packing density, which confer good flow properties. For powder bed processes these are essential when applying fresh powder layers to the bed to ensure uniform and consistent part build.

    For blown powder processes, such as Direct Energy Deposition (DED), good flow ensures uniform build rates. Tight control of the particle size distribution also helps ensure good flowability. Low oxygen powders result in clean microstructures and low inclusion levels in the finished parts.

  • Particle size distribution

    Powder for Additive Manufacturing

    Osprey® metal powder for Additive Manufacturing is available in a wide range of particle size distributions that are tailored to the individual Additive Manufacturing systems. They can also be tailored to the particular requirements of the end application, both in terms of mechanical performance and surface finish.

    Typical particle size distributions for Additive Manufacturing.

    Typical particle size distributions for Additive Manufacturing
    Process technology Size (µm)
    Binder jetting ≤ 16, ≤ 22, ≤ 32, ≤ 38, ≤ 45
    Laser - Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) 15 to 53 and 10 to 45
    Electron beam - Powder Bed Fusion (E-PBF) 45 to 106
    Direct Energy Deposition (DED) 53 to 150

    Tailor-made particle size distributions are available on request. Contact us to discuss your specific requirements.

  • Microstructure

    LOM micrographs: a) a low magnification profile of the cross-section along build direction and normal to build direction, b) chemically etched cross-section showing traces of the melt pools, c) higher magnification micrograph showing the ultrafine cellular/dendritic solidification structure.

    The Electron Beam Back-scatter Diffraction (EBSD) analysis results confirm that the volume fraction of retained austenite (blue areas) is negligible in the as-built condition and the microstructure is essentially martensitic (red areas). This provides a suitable condition for direct ageing of the essentially martensitic as-built microstructure without the need for prior solution annealing.

    As-built sample: a) SEM micrograph of Osprey® Co-free maraging steel, b-c) EBSD analysis results, phase maps overlaid on band contrast images, low magnification scan higher magnification scan, respectively, showing the position of retained austenite

  • Mechanical properties

    Hardness after ageing at 480 °C/896 °F and 525 °C/977 °F vs. time for samples directly aged.

    Typical mechanical properties of material produced by Laser - Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) in as-built and directly aged conditions, evaluated at room temperature.

    Mechanical properties, metric units
    Direction Ageing temperature, °C Ageing time, h Yield strength (Rp0.2), MPa Tensile strength (Rm), MPa Elongation (ALO15), % Area reduction, % Hardness, HRC Impact toughness (CVN*), J
    Vertical As built N/A 1,075 1,095 19 74 35 190
    Vertical 480 8.0 1,550 1,620 10 52 50–51 8
    Horizontal 480 8.0 1,700 1,730 10.3 52 50–51 14
    Mechanical properties, imperial units
    Direction Ageing temperature, °F Ageing time, h Yield strength (Rp0.2), ksi Tensile strength (Rm), ksi Elongation (ALO15), % Area reduction, % Hardness, HRC Impact toughness (CVN*), J
    Vertical As built N/A 156 159 19 74 35 140
    Vertical 480 8.0 225 235 10 52 50–51 6
    Horizontal 480 8.0 247 251 10.3 52 50–51 10

    *CVN = Charpy V-Notched impact toughness test

  • About maraging steels

    Maraging steels are a class of ultra-high strength, high hardness and high toughness steels which can be welded without preheating either in annealed (easy to machine) or heat-treated condition. These properties make them ideal candidates for the Laser - Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) process to manufacture parts with complex geometries for demanding applications which require an excellent combination of strength, toughness, and thermal stability.

    The strengthening mechanisms in this type of steel differ from those in classical carbon steels where martensitic, bainitic or pearlitic phases are formed on cooling and tempering is employed to control carbide precipitation. Less than 50% of the overall contribution to strengthening is provided by the extremely tough Fe-Ni martensite, while aging of this martensite, containing Mo, Al, Ti and Co in supersaturated solid solution, provides additional strengthening by precipitation of nanosized intermetallic particles in the martensitic matrix.

  • Testing

    All Osprey® metal powders are supplied with a certificate of analysis containing information on the chemical composition and particle size distribution. Information on other powder characteristics is available upon request.

  • Packaging

    A wide range of packaging options is available, from 5kgs plastic bottles to 250kg metal drums.

    5 kg (11 lbs) Plastic bottles
    6 kg (13 lbs) Plastic bottles
    10 kg (22 lbs) Plastic bottles
    20 kg (44 lbs) Metal cans
    100 kg (220 lbs) Steel drums
    150 kg (330 lbs) Steel drums
    250 kg (551 lbs) Steel drums
    All packaging materials are suitable for air, sea and road freight.

    Contact us for more information and to discuss your packaging requirements.

Disclaimer: Data and recommendations are for guidance only, and the suitability of a powder for a specific process or application can be confirmed only when we know the actual conditions. Continuous development may necessitate changes in technical data without notice. This datasheet is only valid for Osprey® powder.

Range of maraging steels

Osprey® Standards* Fe C Cr Ni Mo Co Ti Al Mn Si P S O N
MAR-50-Co free - Bal. ≤0.06 4.0 9.5 4.5 ≤0.1 ≤1.0 ≤0.3 ≤0.5 ≤0.5 ≤0.03 ≤0.03 - -
MAR-60 ASTM, AISI 13Ni400 Bal. ≤0.03 ≤0.3 13.0 10.0 15.0 0.20 0.01 ≤0.1 ≤0.1 ≤0.01 ≤0.01 ≤0.1 ≤0.1 MAR-60
18Ni300 UNS K93120 Bal. ≤0.03 ≤0.3 18 4.8 9.0 0.7 0.1 - ≤0.1 ≤0.01 ≤0.01 - - 18Ni300

* Information about more standards is available in the datasheet for the respective alloy.

For more information

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